Insect Bites and Stings: Treatment and Prevention

Insect bites and stings are extremely common, especially during summer months. While most are harmless, some can cause allergic reactions or infections. It is important to know how to prevent and treat them properly.

What are insect bites and stings?

Insect bites and stings occur when bugs use their mouthparts or stinging apparatus against the skin. Mosquitoes, flies, ants, bedbugs and spiders are common causes. Some insect bites resolve on their own while others may require treatment.

What do insect bites look like?

Insect bites typically appear as small, red, swollen bumps on the skin. Common types include:

• Mosquito bites: Small, round, itchy red bumps.
• Bedbug bites: Red, itchy welts, often in lines or clusters.
• Ant bites: Red, swollen bumps that may develop a small blister.
• Tick bites: May leave a red mark and in rare cases transmit diseases.

When should you seek medical help?

Seek immediate medical help if you experience:

• Difficulty breathing or swelling of the face or throat
• Widespread hives or itching over the entire body
• Nausea, vomiting, or dizziness
• Signs of infection (fever, pus, increasing redness)

Treatment of insect bites

Most insect bites can be treated at home: wash the affected area with soap and water, apply a cold compress to reduce swelling, and use over-the-counter antihistamines or hydrocortisone cream for itching. Avoid scratching to prevent infection.

Prevention

Use insect repellent with DEET, wear protective clothing, avoid areas with high insect activity, and avoid strong perfume that may attract bugs.